On the Maximum Efficiency of Systems Containing Multiple Sources

This paper deals with the efficiency of systems consisting of multiple power sources. The operating point ensuring maximum efficiency is defined and solved analytically. Moreover, it is shown that, in the case of linear sources, the maximum efficiency is determined solely by the load power and the network's maximum power, independently of the sources' internal construction and their connectivity. The generic circuit theory treatment that is proposed applies to distributed power generation (smart grid, photovoltaic, fuel cells, etc.) and to distributed load systems (LED arrays, microprocessors).