Amplitude Modulators containing an nipi delta doping superlattice

Amplitude modulators based on the quantum confined Stark effect, whose active multiple quantum-well region contains an nipi delta doping superlattice were investigated. An enhancement by a factor of two of the Stark shift is observed. This observation was made possible by a thorough doping level calibration procedure. As a result, a larger contrast ratio for the devices based on these novel structures was detected, substantially reducing their operation voltage.