High-purity microwave signal from a dual-frequency semiconductor laser for CPT atomic clocks

Coherent population trapping (CPT) of metal-alkali atoms is an interesting technique for the development of compact atomic frequency references; it relies on the excitation of the atoms by two phase-coherent laser fields. We describe the design and operation of an innovating dual-frequency laser source dedicated to Cs CPT atomic clocks, based on the direct dual-frequency and dual-polarization operation of an optically-pumped semiconductor laser at 852 nm. The phase noise of beatnote generated by the laser source is at maximum of −90 dBrad2/Hz with active stabilization, and the relative intensity noise (RIN) has been measured at −115 dB/Hz. It would potentially results in a clock frequency stability of 1.6.10−12 at 1 second, limited by the laser RIN. With proper adjustments in the laser and clock set-up, we target a stability of 3.10−13 at 1 second.