Introducing 'space' into space-time MIMO capacity calculations: a new closed form upper bound

We present a new upper bound on capacity for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless fading channels, which is more general and realistic than previous capacity expressions. By including spatial information at the antenna arrays, a closed form upper bound on capacity, which uses the physics of signal propagation combined with statistics of the scattering environment, is derived. This expression gave the capacity of MIMO system in terms of antenna placement and scattering environment and lead to valuable insights into the factors determining capacity for a wide range of scattering models.