Generation, propagation, and application of rotating relativ1stic electron beams in the absence of an external guide field

Rotating relativistic electron beams have been the subject of a number of experimental and theoretical studies,
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principally concerned with the use of such beams for heating plasmas. The rotating beams are usually created by passing a hollow cylindrical beam through a non-adiabatic magnetic cusp,
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and are propagated down an axial guide field into either plasma or neutral gas.