A low voltage 24 GHz VCO in 130nm CMOS for localisation purposes in sensor networks

A low-voltage CMOS cross-coupled voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) in 130nm IBM-CMOS process is presented. Due to system considerations, tuning voltage is centered around 1V. The VCO delivers -3 dBm output power, with 23% tuning range. The core VCO consumes only 12mW from a 2V power supply.