Novel OTA-C filter structures using grounded capacitors

The derivation of operational transconductance amplifiers and capacitor (OTA-C) filters from active RC filter structures using a nodal voltage simulation method is presented. Some of the derived structures use floating capacitors. A technique for simulating floating capacitors using only OTAs and grounded capacitors is also described, together with its applications to realize biquads. Ladder filters using only grounded capacitors and OTAs are described.<
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