System architecture of modern control centers

Interoperability, resilience, security, scalability, and flexibility are key requirements of modern control centers for transmission and/or distribution networks. These characteristics mean that the architecture is capable of seamless integration of multi-vendor solutions, easy integration of third-party or self-developed applications, meets the needs of small and large users alike, uses a common set of components and products, and - last but not least - enables the easy addition, removal, replacement, or upgrade of its components, without a wholesale change of the system. The paper presents both the solution concepts of an innovative control center architecture that meets these requirements and the description of real projects that are currently under implementation.