Modeling for Geospatial Database of National Fundamental Geographic Information

The spatial data model is the precondition and key to the design and realization of spatial database. To choose which kind of data model for storage and management of GIS data, how to realize the data management by using database system, how to make sure the integrality and consistency of geographic data and how to gain the high efficiency of the access to the spatial database are all the important questions the need to be solved during the whole system design. The geospatial database of national fundamental geographic information system is one of the important parts of the national spatial data infrastructure (NSDI). As the foundation of dimensional orientation for various of information systems of national level, it has been playing a very important role in the national economical and social development. To improve the organization and management of fundamental geographic spatial data, and to ensure the data can be utilized well, a relatively perfect data model must be applied. In this paper, the course of development of GIS spatial data model was summarized at first. Through an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of current mainstream GIS data models, it was inferred that the object-relation data model could organize and manage geographic data better. Then the paper probed into applying the object-relation data model to the management of geographic data, and the data model of national 1:1,000,000 geospatial database was established. Finally, an illustration of administrative areas was used to demonstrate that the model could manage spatial data effectively.