The management of federal research programs: Part II — Patterns of management

Analyses of responses to a survey of 215 managers of basic and applied research programs in the federal government were undertaken to identify factors that are useful in describing the pattern, or mix, of management techniques used by a program. Results indicate that the program's agency setting is of overwhelming importance. Of lesser importance are the position of the program on the spectrum of basic to applied research and the extent to which program management is “top down.”