Fault-tolerant clock synchronization in distributed systems
Ramanathan, P.; Shin, K.G.; Butler, R.W.
Computer
Volume 23, Issue 10, Oct 1990 Page(s):33 - 42
Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/2.58235
Summary:Existing fault-tolerant clock synchronization algorithms are
compared and contrasted. These include the following: software
synchronization algorithms, such as convergence-averaging,
convergence-nonaveraging, and consistency algorithms, as well as
probabilistic synchronization; hardware synchronization algorithms; and
hybrid synchronization. The worst-case clock skews guaranteed by
representative algorithms are compared, along with other important
aspects such as time, message, and cost overhead imposed by the
algorithms. More recent developments such as hardware-assisted software
synchronization and algorithms for synchronizing large, partially
connected distributed systems are especially emphasized
View citation and abstract |