Optimization of Spectrum Utilization Efficiency in Cognitive Radio Networks

Cognitive radio (CR) is considered as a key technology to overcome the problem of spectrum scarcity for wireless applications by the researchers. Efficient spectrum utilization is the most important and core purpose of CR systems after successful spectrum sensing. In this letter, different cases are investigated in which secondary users (SUs) can transmit their data after declaring the primary user (PU) is absent as a result of spectrum sensing. SU’s transmission in some of these cases may lead to interference in PU’s communication, which may cause inefficient spectrum utilization. In this letter, an optimization problem is formulated to optimize the sensing time that maximizes the spectrum utilization efficiency (SUE) under the constraints of high target detection probability and low probability of interference to PU. A trade-off between sensing time and spectrum utilization efficiency is shown in a given time frame for all possible cases. Theoretical and simulation results of proposed system show good match to each others. Finally proposed system is compared with conventional systems and 45% better performance in terms of optimal sensing time is achieved with maximum SUE.