Architectural framework for large-scale multicast in mobile ad hoc networks

Emerging ad hoc networks are infrastructure-less networks consisting of wireless devices with various power constraints, capabilities and mobility characteristics. An essential capability in future ad hoc networks is the ability to provide scalable multicast services. This paper presents a novel adaptive architecture to support multicast services in large-scale wide-area ad hoc networks. Existing works on multicast in ad hoc networks address only small size networks. Our main design goals are scalability, robustness and efficiency. We propose a self-configuring hierarchy extending zone-based routing with the notion of contacts based on the small world graphs phenomenon and metrics of stability and mobility. We introduce a new geographic-based multicast address allocation scheme coupled with adaptive anycast based on group popularity. Our scheme promises efficient and robust operation in the common case. Also, based on the new concept of rendezvous regions, we provide a bootstrap mechanism for the multicast service; a challenge generally ignored in previous work.