Harmonic-balance finite-element modeling of electromagnetic devices: a novel approach

In this paper, a novel and easy-to-implement approach to the harmonic-balance finite-element modeling of electromagnetic devices is presented. The governing system of nonlinear algebraic equations is derived assuming an arbitrary (anisotropic) magnetic constitutive law. It is solved by means of the Newton-Raphson (NR) method, the elaboration of which is very simple thanks to the introduction of the differential reluctivity tensor. The method is validated by applying it to a three-dimensional and a two-dimensional voltage-driven model of a three-phase inductor. The convergence of the NR scheme and the accuracy of the obtained harmonic-balance current waveforms are studied.