Scan-Loss Compensation for Full-Azimuth Multi-Facet Phased Array Antennas

An approach to compensate scan losses displayed by full-azimuth multifacet phased arrays is proposed in this article. This approach is based on a constructive superposition of scanned beams from adjacent array panels resulting in enhanced composed coverage. Said constructive superposition is achieved by coordinating the insertion phase shifts applied at the array element level. Special attention is given to panel arrays arranged in equilateral triangle and square prisms. The benefits of the proposed beamforming approach are validated by full-wave simulations, as well as passive antenna measurements taken on physical prototypes. The achieved improvement in equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) excessively compensates for the experienced scan loss and reaches 6 dB at the maximal scan angles. An additional advantage of the developed methodology consists in the mitigation of the composed beam squint at wide scan angles.