Flexibility of Key Electronic and Optical Properties of Reduced Graphene Oxide Through Its Controlled Synthesis

Recently, graphene oxides (GOs), reduced GO (rGO), and their derivatives have been focused on as a superior flexible material due to having easy processability and high carrier mobility. Here, we report an inexpensive green synthesis of GO/rGO at a relatively low temperature of 150 °C. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, Fourier transformed IR (FTIR), and UV–visible spectroscopy confirm the successful fabrication of rGO with an enhanced carbon–0carbon (sp2/sp3) component with an enhanced carbon-to-oxygen ratio (C/O) from 0.93 to 2.76. Here, a work function tuning of 5.6–4.5 eV, a bandgap modulation of 3.93–2.63 eV, a charge carrier density tuningfrom
$1.12\times10$
16 to
$1.14\times10$
21 cm−3, and a mobility tuning from
$1.51\times10$
−2 to 59.663 cm2/
$\text{V}\cdot \text{s}$
are made through its controlled reduction of GOs, which are much better than the results obtained at high temperature >1000 °C. The flexible nature of both electronic and optical properties of rGO nanostructures assures it as an excellent material for electronics and optoelectronics devices.