Efficient Full-Wave Modeling of Microwave Components With Interval-Valued Electromagnetic Parameters by Polynomial Chaos Expansion-Based DGTD Method

An efficient polynomial chaos expansion (PCE)-based discontinuous Galerkin time-domain (DGTD) method is proposed to analyze microwave components with interval-valued electromagnetic (EM) parameters. The proposed method retains the flexibility of the conventional DGTD method in the element-level domain decomposition and parallel computing. Numerical examples with the interval-valued electron density of plasma and permittivity of a dielectric block are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and capability of the proposed method. The scattering from a dielectric sphere with an interval-valued permittivity is evaluated to verify the applicability of the proposed method in unbounded scattering analysis. Numerical results illustrate that the proposed PCE-based DGTD method has great superiority in computational accuracy and efficiency over the Gaussian process (GP) technique and the Monte Carlo (MC) method in both deterministic and stochastic analyses with the interval-valued parameters, and it requires only a single simulation to obtain all results in the high-dimensional interval domains.