Evolutionary computation in engineering artificially immune (EAI) system

In this paper, immune networks and the non-network type of engineering artificially immune (EAI) systems are discussed. Moreover, the evolution of the non-network-type EAI system is proposed. The conventional EAI system is treated in a "closed" world, where all antigens are well-known. "Closed" means isolation from the outer world. However, new species of viruses, bacteria, and unknown foreign substances happen to arise in the real world. A new species of antigen affects severe damage to the host. In order to overcome this situation, the EAI system must develop an evolutionary function: to obtain antibodies against a new species of antigens.