Prediction of cellular characteristics for various urban environments

The propagation channel for UHF/X-band waves in the city is modeled for two typical cases in the urban scene: (a) by regularly distributed rows of buildings placed on a flat terrain; and (b) by an array of randomly distributed buildings placed on rough terrain. The law of distribution of buildings in both cases is assumed to be Poisson. The loss characteristics in such urban propagation channels, as well as the co-channel interference parameter, the carrier-to-interference ratio (C/I), are investigated. In case (a), the three-dimensional multi-slit waveguide model is used for LOS conditions, and the two-dimensional multi-diffraction model is used for NLOS conditions. In case (b), the statistical parametric model of wave propagation is used, including single and multiple scattering effects, diffraction from buildings' roofs, the actual built-up relief, and various positions of receiver and transmitter antennas on rough terrain. The full algorithm for predicting propagation and cellular characteristics to increase the accuracy of radio and cellular maps is presented.