LED adaptive deployment optimization in indoor VLC networks

Driven by the continuous penetration of high data rate services and applications, a large amount of unregulated visible light spectrum is used for communication to fully meet the needs of 6th generation (6G) mobile technologies. Visible light communication (VLC) faces many challenges as a solution that complements existing radio frequency (RF) networks. This paper studies the optimal configuration of LEDs in indoor environments under the constraints of illumination and quality of experience (QoE). Based on the Voronoi tessellation(VT) and centroidal Voronoi tessellation (CVT) theory, combined with the Lloyd's algorithm, we propose two approaches for optimizing LED deployments to meet the illumination and QoE requirements of all users. Focusing on (i) the minimization of the number of LEDs to be installed in order to meet illumination and average QoE constraints, and (ii) the maximization of the average QoE of users to be served with a fixed number of LEDs. Monte Carlo simulations are carried out for different user distribution compared with hexagonal, square and VT deployment. The simulation results illustrate that under the same conditions, the proposed deployment approach can provide less LEDs and achieve better QoE performance.