Multi-rate modulation scheme with controlled peak-to-average power ratio using balanced incomplete block designs

A multi-rate modulation scheme suitable for code-division multiple-access (CDMA) communications systems is introduced. Balanced incomplete block designs (BIBD) are used to control the peak-to-average power (PAV) ratio and produce a signal whose amplitude is within the linear region of a power amplifier a larger proportion of the time than is the amplitude of a signal without a controlled PAV ratio. The PAV ratio and its effects on the power amplifier behavior are examined. The performances of the proposed scheme in the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel and in a multi-user environment are investigated.