Independent power producers (IPP) perspectives and experiences with WSCC requirements for generator model validation tests

Modern powerful computing tools allow precise and economical modeling of large power system dynamics. Accurate synchronous machine representation is required for such a purpose. After two regional blackouts in 1996, the Western Systems Coordinating Council (WSCC) instituted guidelines to field test data of generators connected to its integrated power system. This paper demonstrates an experience with the applications of WSCC's test guidelines to mid-size units built and commissioned by independent power producers (IPPs). The paper addresses concerns with the excitation and voltage control systems and their limitations. An example of a generation unit connected at the end of a long line is discussed to demonstrate variances associated with testing and operating under extreme conditions. The concerns and issues discussed are of importance to IPPs beyond the WSCC's system as many other reliability councils are adopting rules similar to those established by WSCC.