Causality of messages in object-based systems

Distributed applications are realized by cooperation of a group of multiple objects. An object multicasts a message to multiple destinations and sends in parallel multiple messages to multiple destinations, i.e. parallel-cast. The object receives multiple messages in conjunctive and disjunctive receipt. We newly define a novel precedent relation of messages exchanged among objects in presence of multi- and parallel-cast and conjunctive- and disjunctive-receipt of messages.