Optimal Life-Cycle Resilience Enhancement of Aging Power Distribution Systems: A MINLP-Based Preventive Maintenance Planning

Power distribution systems in the US are commonly supported by wood utility poles. These assets require regular maintenance to enhance the reliability of power delivery to support many dependent functions of the society. Limitations in budget, however, warrant efficient allocation of limited resources based on optimal preventive maintenance plans. A few studies have developed risk-based metrics to support risk-informed decision making in preventive maintenance planning for power distribution systems. However, integration of risk-based metrics and optimization for enhancing the life-cycle resilience of distribution systems has not been explored. To address this gap, this paper proposes a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model to maximize the life-cycle resilience of aging power distribution systems subject to multi-occurrences of hurricane events using an optimal risk-based maintenance planning. For this purpose, a risk-based index called the Expected Outages is proposed and integrated into the optimization problem to minimize the total expected number of power outages in the entire planning horizon. Various uncertainties in the performance of poles under stochastic occurrences of hazards are taken into account through advanced fragility models and an efficient recursive formulation that models the uncertainty of precedent pole failures. The proposed approach is applied to a large, realistic power distribution system for long-term maintenance planning given a total budget limit and different levels of periodic budget constraints. The resulting optimization problems are solved through the branch and bound algorithm. Results indicate that applying the presented methodology leads to a significant enhancement of the life-cycle resilience of distribution systems compared to the commonly implemented strength-based maintenance strategy set by National Electric Safety Code.