A 0.4-/spl mu/m 3.3-V 1T1C 4-Mb nonvolatile ferroelectric RAM with fixed bitline reference voltage scheme and data protection circuit

A 0.4-/spl mu/m 3.3-V 1T1C 4-Mb nonvolatile ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM) was developed. The FRAM relies on the use of a reference scheme optimally adapted to the entire cell population of an individual device. A simple voltage level detector protects the device against data loss during drops in supply voltage. Finally, a special test mode was implemented to optimize read pulse width. By using these techniques, a high-performance 1T1C 4-Mb FRAM was successfully developed.