Future trends in I&M: Diagnostics, maintenance and condition monitoring for cyber-physical systems

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) have made considerable progress in sensing, data storage, data mining, simulation capabilities and online computing. When these ICTs are integrated with physical assets, the result is a cyber-physical system. The Internet of Things and Big Data have transformed the connectivity between the elements of an enterprise, leading to the fourth stage of industrialization, known as Industry 4.0, and characterized by smart assets that dynamically interact with each other and with all levels of the business model.