Application of a reduced model to a distributed state estimator

The available state estimators (SE) in control centers utilize the entire network and set of measurements. An alternative option would be to have two SE levels: (i) the first level at the company or regional control center; (ii) the second level at the pool or system wide control center. In this paper a distributed state estimator (DSE) is presented based on the following principles: (i) two-level state estimation; (ii) distributed observability analysis; and (iii) distributed bad data processing. The method is based on the reduced model developed by the authors. The DSE is illustrated with the IEEE 14-bus system.