Computer-aided circuit analysis tools for RFIC simulation: algorithms, features, and limitations

The design of the radio frequency (RF) section in a communication integrated circuit (IC) is a challenging problem. Although several computer-aided analysis tools are available for RFIC design, they are not effectively used, because there is a lack of understanding about their features and limitations. These tools provide fast simulation of RFICs. However, no single tool delivers a complete solution for RFIC design. This paper describes the shortcomings of conventional SPICE-like simulators and the analyses required for RF applications with an emphasis on accurate and efficient simulation of distortion and noise. Various analysis methods, such as harmonic balance, shooting method, mixed frequency-time methods, and envelope methods, that are currently available for RFIC simulation are presented. Commercial simulators are compared in terms of their functionalities and limitations. The key algorithmic features and the simulator-specific terminology are described.