Decentralized MPC based frequency control for smart grid

The integration of Renewable Energy Resources (RERs) such as wind energy and interaction of Electric Vehicles is exponentially increasing to provide an enhanced capacity of the Smart Grid (SG). However, the massive penetration of intermittent RERs results in frequency oscillations that affect the stability of SG. The frequency oscillation problem may become worse when both RERs intermittence and load variations occur at same time. To tackle this challenging task, we introduced Electric Vehicles (EVs) as storage devices to compensate oscillation problem using Load Frequency Control (LFC). The LFC will assist the transient deviation in frequency oscillation and will control tie-line power exchange. A Centralized (Ce) and Decentralized (De) Model Predictive Control (MPC) based LFC design is proposed for EVs and Wind Turbines (WTs) within SG. The efficacy of control design, namely CeMPC and DeMPC is analyzed using MATLAB by considering interconnected four area SG system.