Study of optical vortices in lens antenna

This work presents an analysis of optical vortices produced by homogeneous dielectric lens antenna with hyperbolic profiles in the millimeter waveband. The use of dielectric lenses can substantially improve the antenna parameters, especially the flatness of the radiated waves and the gain of the antenna. Simulations are performed using a recently published electromagnetic simulation code. The program yields field intensity and field phase graphics, allowing the analysis of the stationary field resulting from the feeder-lens array and its radiation pattern. In the phase graphics, diffraction effects are observed when the lens presents flat edges, evidencing the presence of optical vortices.