A Wearable Amperometric Biosensor on a Cotton Fabric for Lactate

The development of new bioelectronic sensors could enable significant advances in clinical analysis, environmental monitoring, and defense. Cotton fabric is a wearable material, which can contact the skin closely. Here, we demonstrate for the first time the development of a wearable amperometric biosensor on a cotton fabric for the detection of lactate. The sensor is constructed by printing carbon graphite ink and Ag/AgCl ink on a cotton fabric as the working, reference, and counter electrode. Via the immobilization of lactate oxidase, the sensor shows a sensitive detection of lactate with a detection range of 0.05-1.5 mM and a rapid measuring time of around 5 min. We anticipate that these results could open exciting opportunities for fundamental studies and practical applications of wearable bioelectronics in areas ranging from healthcare to defense.