VP9 Encoder and Decoders for Next-Generation Online Video Platforms and Services

VP9, an emerging compression technology, promises up to 2x bandwidth gains over the current H.264 and VP8 formats. As a result, VP9 contributes to enhanced user experience for video consumption and is driving adoption of higher resolutions like 4K/UHD, enabling stronger growth in online video. The advantages offered by VP9 have been extensively leveraged by Google and YouTube to enhance its video services. With most advancements in video codec technologies, big gains in compression are accompanied by a significant increase in processing complexity. Ittiam, in collaboration with the Google webM team and the Alliance for Open Media, has worked extensively on VP9 codecs to improve the usability and practicality of VP9 software. This paper provides an overview of the VP9 standard and its relevance and benefits to the online video industry. It also includes an objective comparison of VP9 with H.264 software on parameters like bandwidth compression and encoding complexity. Through the comparison, the paper identifies key challenges with currently available VP9 implementations and provides an overview of the performance and quality gains achieved by improving VP9 software.