Distributed voltage sources on transmission-lines — Unified low frequency model

This paper addresses the question of modelling voltage source terms when applying Agrawal's Field-to-transmission Line model in a numerical procedure involving a 3D full wave solver and Multiconductor Transmission-line Network solver based on the BLT equation. It particularly stresses the fact that the prima facie model consisting in integrating voltage sources along cells larger than usual criterion of λ/10 is not valid for some conditions of terminal loads of the transmission-line. Low frequency applications of simple lines in short-circuit/open circuit allow analytical analysis of the problem. This is a reason why a unified model of equivalent sources is developed here for any type of load conditions and for low frequency applications. Different validations have been carried out applying the CRIPTE code and various illustrations are presented.