Measuring Target Range and Velocity: Developments in Chip, Antenna, and Packaging Technologies for 60-GHz and 122-GHz Industrial Radars

Increasing demand for industrial radars has spurred research aimed toward designing better transceiver (TRx) integrated circuits (ICs) combined with advanced packaging technologies [1]-[6], innovative antenna concepts, very precise wirebonding schemes [5]-[8], and high-performance baseband processing systems [9]. With a well-optimized package of such products, the resulting application fields can vary from avionics and robotics to automotive, monitoring, level-tracking, and vital-sign-detection systems, among many others. All these applications will require that the final product satisfy certain metrics such as range, resolution, accuracy, power consumption, and (as always) production cost, which is ultimately the most crucial criterion.