Leap-Frog Continuous–Discontinuous Galerkin Time Domain Method for Nanoarchitectures With the Drude Model

A continuous-discontinuous Gakerkin time domain method (CDGTD) with vector basis functions is proposed to analyze the wideband response of plasmonic structures with the Drude dispersive model. Compared to the conventional time domain approaches, such as FDTD and PSTD, the unstructured mesh can provide a better geometrical approximation of curved surfaces and fine features. An EB scheme Riemann solver is employed to calculate the flux between adjacent subdomains. The relationship between the electric field and the polarization currents is modeled by a first order auxiliary differential equation (ADE). A leap-frog scheme is proposed to update Maxwell's equations, the ADEs of the Drude medium and the perfectly matched layer (PML) in an efficient manner. This new approach is validated by virtue of simulating the ultra-wideband behavior of a gold nanoloop antenna with and without a substrate as well as the reflectivity of a dual-band infrared absorber. Its advantage in computational cost is demonstrated via comparison to a commercial software package. In this light, the CDGTD method represents a more efficient forward modeling tool, which has been successfully employed here to perform a parametric study of a dual-band infrared absorber.