V2Hz: Music composition from wind turbine energy using a finite-state machine

The study presents a multi-disciplinary application of the Internet of Things (IoT) benefiting both the engineering and music community. A music composition algorithm based on a finite-state machine was designed to receive and manipulate wind turbine voltage output data into a musically aesthetic composition. The algorithm adapts common western music theory and imposes these limitations on the wind turbine output voltage stream. The front-end of the system employs various transmission protocols. The data is streamed to a server on-site at the wind farm using transmission control protocol, and then received offsite via TCP/IP. The back-end of the system processes the digital signals, and finally constructs Musical Instrument Digital Interface messages, which can be routed to a host of various music synthesis software programs. The voltage output values of each wind turbine are directly represented in both the amplitude and frequency characteristics of the audio. Thus, the audio serves as an accurate real-time monitoring and maintenance tool for the wind farm data from an offsite location.