Performance analysis of multi-constellation GNSS in urban canyons based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation

The satellite signals are always blocked by obstructions in urban canyons, therefore multi-constellation global navigation satellite system (GNSS) performs poor. Quantitative comparison of the performance of different satellite navigation systems can provide a basis to analyze their advantages and disadvantages. This paper proposes a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) theory to quantitatively evaluate the performance of GNSS, and systematically puts forward how to quantitatively analyze precision, availability, continuity and integrity. A simulation was conducted to emulate the environment of urban canyons. Evaluation results show the performance of BDS is neck and neck with GPS, and much better than GLONASS. A multisystem has better performance than a single system. GPS+GLONASS+BDS has the best performance and gets a high FCE result of 0.3268, while the FCE result of GPS, BDS and GLONASS are 0.1722, 0.1570 and 0.0970 respectively.