Lifetime Test Design for Second-Use Electric Vehicle Batteries in Residential Applications

This paper provides a comprehensive study on the lifetime test design of second-use electric vehicle plug-in hybrid electric vehicle ((PHEV)/hybrid electric vehicle(HEV)/battery electric vehicle(BEV)) batteries as the residential application. The work starts by modeling a realistic operation environment for the second-use batteries. As a residential application, the battery pack usage profile was simulated in detail with proposed steps and parameters. The paper then presents design procedures for transferring simulated battery pack usage profile into a lifetime test profile. Finally, a lifetime test case study is performed on a second-use PHEV (Ford C-max) battery pack. The extraction of the residential application usage profile, the configuration of the test platform, and the 150-h demonstration test results together explain the proposed test methodology.