Cost-Benefit Analysis Method for Optimizing Spinning Reserve Requirements with Consideration of Wind Power Generation under Carbon Trading Environment

Because various uncertainties in power systems including forecast errors of load and wind power as well as forced outages of generators are difficult to be comprehensively and accurately considered, the existing methods of spinning reserve optimization considering low-carbon factors cost cannot coordinate the impacts of wind power scheduling on the reliability, economy and low-carbon emission of power systems operation. Therefore, based on cost-benefit analysis, the loss-of-load risk of power systems considering wind power curtailments and the probabilistic characteristics of load, wind power and generators is firstly determined in this paper, and then a model which simultaneously minimizes the generation cost of conventional generators, the expected cost of load shedding, the penalty cost of wind power curtailments and the carbon emission cost is proposed to calculate the amount of optimal spinning reserve by introducing the value of lost load and the carbon emission trading mechanism. It achieves the joint optimization of the low-carbon emission, economy and reliability of power systems operation. Using mixed integer linear programming method, simulation studies on a modified IEEE 26-generator reliability test system connected to a wind farm are presented to verify the effectiveness and advantage of the proposed model.