Protection coordination of voltage weak DC distribution grid: Concepts

Distributed Generation has created the need for new types of smart dc grids developments. The multiple generation sources, bi-directional power flow, power flow time co-ordination and management bring significant benefits as well as challenges for current ac electrical grids and emerging dc microgrids. In particular, the effect of voltage weak distribution systems on protection concepts and approaches needs to be understood, investigated, and accounted for. This paper describes principles of protection of voltage weak dc grid concepts. New alternative protection designs are proposed and their benefits and challenges are discussed. Likewise, special circuit configurations are proposed to improve fault discrimination. Fault-induced voltage transients are used to detect and isolate faulty part of the dc distribution grid.