The investigation of the varactor diode as tuning element on reconfigurable antenna

In this paper, an efficient and simple design method for reconfigurable antenna by using a varactor diode is presented. This method allows designing the patch antenna with tunable centre frequency and a constant absolute bandwidth. The measured frequency response shows a good agreement with the simulated results. The antenna operating frequency range covers from 1.915 to 2.102 GHz. This investigation provides an alternative solution for reconfigurable antenna particularly in any wireless communication systems, especially in 4G technology.