Deriving orthometric height using global geopotential models (GGMs)

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the orthometric height derived by combination of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data and global geoid height information over Peninsular Malaysia. The global geoid height information is derived from recent Global Geopotential Models (GGMs); combined and satellite-only solution. Total numbers of 131 GNSS points were observed and computed the orthometric height on the existing Standard Benchmark (SBM). Furthermore, the comparison between derived orthometric height and existing levelling value is evaluated. From the analysis of the results shows that the differences in term of the root means square between derived orthometric height and existing levelling value over Peninsular Malaysia in within range ±21.8cm and ±26.9cm. The datum bias between global and local vertical datum is within range -1.220m and -1.313m.