Non-linear behavioral X-Parameters model of single-phase rectifier in the frequency domain

The increasing use of energy from renewable sources will entail significant changes in power systems. On the generation as well as the load side more and more power electronics devices are in operation, resulting in an increase of harmonics in the power systems. For simulating modern power systems, linear steady-state modeling approaches like single-frequency phasor analysis are not sufficient for accurate simulations or a reliable stability assessment. Different simulation techniques, taking also non-linear components and therefore the generation of harmonics into account, are already known. When the steady-state of a power system is of interest, simulations in the frequency domain are usually more efficient than simulations in the time domain. The X-Parameters behavioral modeling approach for modeling non-linear components entirely in the frequency domain is until now primarily used in microwave engineering. In this paper, this approach is applied for modeling a basic non-linear power electronics device which is common in power systems, a single-phase single diode rectifier.