Optimal allocation of energy storage devices in distribution systems considering lifetime characteristics of batteries

The introduction of energy storage devices represents an important element for supporting the operation of distribution networks. Considering the presence of renewable energy sources, the use of these devices provides ancillary services and energy balance flexibility to the network. This work presents a mixed integer second order cone programming model for solving the problem of allocating energy storage devices in radial distribution networks. The model provides the optimal allocation of the devices in the grid as well as their optimal operating cycle in order to minimize system operational costs considering also the preservation and the life of these devices. The use of existing classical optimization tools and the conic model ensures convergence to the optimum operating point. To demonstrate the accuracy of the mathematical model developed and the efficiency of the solution technique, an 11-bus test system with the presence of renewable energy sources is used in the simulations.