A locally adaptive CMOS image sensor with 90 dB dynamic range

An integrated 128/spl times/128 CMOS image sensor with programmable diffusion kernel for local brightness adaptation and contrast enhancement achieves local brightness adaptation by dividing each individual pixel photocurrent by the average photocurrent of the corresponding kernel. The chip is realized in 1 /spl mu/m standard CMOS. Pixel pitch is 47 /spl mu/m and total chip area is 86.4 mm/sup 2/. Power dissipation is 20 mW at 5 V power supply. The maximum clock frequency is around 4 MHz allowing 240 frames/s frame rate and 90 dB dynamic range with 35 dB signal to noise ratio (SNR). The size of the adaptation kernel is 3 b programmable.