MIMO-SAR Waveform Design Using Modified Costas Pulses

In this paper, the problem of designing waveform for MIMO-SAR systems is investigated. The family of modified Costas pulses (MCP) are used because of their advantages. However, a MIMO-SAR system will not be beneficial unless the waveforms transmitted through different antennas are orthogonal, even under different delay/Doppler shifts. An iterative algorithm is proposed that finds a set of MCPs and guarantees that the maximum cross-correlation (under different Doppler/delay shifts) among different waveforms is below a threshold. Simulation results show that the proposed waveform design outperforms the conventional one in terms of orthogonality, resolution, and signal-tointerference-plus-noise ratio (SINR).