FLEX End-to-End Mission Performance Simulator

The FLuorescence EXplorer (FLEX) mission, selected as the European Space Agency's eighth Earth Explorer, aims to globally measure the sun-induced-chlorophyll-fluorescence spectral emission from terrestrial vegetation. In the frame of the FLEX mission, several industrial and scientific studies have analyzed the instrument design, image processing algorithms, or modeling aspects. At the same time, a common tool is needed to address the overall FLEX mission performance by combining all these features. For this reason, an end-to-end mission performance simulator has been developed for the FLEX mission (FLEX-E). This paper describes the FLEX-E software design, which combines the generation of complex synthetic scenes with an advanced modeling of the instrument behavior and the full processing scheme up to the final fluorescence product. The results derived from FLEX-E simulations indicate that the instrument and developed image processing algorithms are able to retrieve the sun-induced fluorescence with an accuracy below the 0.2
$\text{mW}\cdot\text{m}^{-2}\cdot\text{sr}^{-1}\cdot \text{nm}^{-1}$
mission requirement. It is expected that FLEX-E will not only optimize the FLEX retrieval algorithms and technical requirements, but also serve as the baseline for the ground processing implementation and testing of calibration/validation procedures.