Initial Results of Typhoon Wind Speed Observation Using Coastal GNSS-R of BeiDou GEO Satellite

Sea surface-reflected signals of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) were collected during a coastal experiment to evaluate the potential use of these signals on typhoon investigation. This work focuses on processing the signals from BeiDou geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) satellites and assessing the sensitivities of waveform observables to the wind speed evolution during the typhoons. After the processing of the raw samples, both the delay- and spectral-related observables are obtained from the complex waveforms and then compared with in situ wind measurement collected during two tropical cyclones. Results from the data analysis are presented, confirming that the proposed observables are well correlated with the wind speed evolution and suitable for coastal wind speed retrieval.