A Profile Measurement System for Rail Quality Assessment During Manufacturing

Steel rails used in the transport sector and in industry are designed and manufactured to support high stress levels generated by high-speed and heavy-loaded modern trains. In the rail manufacturing process, one of the key stages is rolling, where fast, accurate, and repeatable rail profile measurement is a major challenge. In this paper, a rail profile measurement system (PMS) for rail rolling mills based on four conventional, inexpensive laser range finders is proposed. The range finders are calibrated using a common reference to properly express the point clouds generated by each range finder in the world coordinate system (WCS). The alignment of the point clouds to the rail model is performed by means of an efficient and robust registration method. Experiments carried out in a rail rolling mill demonstrate the accuracy and repeatability of the system; the maximum error is below 0.12%. All parallelizable tasks were designed and developed to be executed concurrently, achieving an acquisition rate of up to 210 fps.