Measurement and processing for potential of unbalanced complex kinetics of heart rate variability

Cardiac autonomic dysfunction is one of the determinants of the development of cardiovascular diseases. Cardiac autonomic imbalances and reduction of its modulation are signs of disorders and conditions. Heart rate variability (HRV), a promising marker of those autonomic activities, can be measured non-invasively to observe the influence of the cardiac autonomic system on sinus node activity through changes in the cyclic variations of beat-to-beat (R-R) intervals. The physiological correlations of HRV and standards for its measurement have been proposed. An important marker is the frequency domain representation; however, the result of the high-frequency (HF) component might be influenced by breathing pattern. Similarly, the non-linear analysis representations of complex cardiac autonomic regulation do not reflect a clearly meaningful physiological correlates. Therefore, additional methods have been proposed to obtain more accurate estimates.